Revealing the role of sulfur

As sulfur holds the key to antioxidant behaviour in base oils, model studies help Nynas researchers realise how to improve the oxidation stability of the company’s lubricant base oils through the addition of sulfur-containing secondary antioxidants.

Thomas Norrby

Senior Specialist, Lubricants, Nynas, is also an Affiliate Professor in the Department of Machine Design at the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) in Stockholm.

With extensive experience of the lubricants industry, he left Statoil Lubricants where he was R&D Manager to join Nynas in November 2014.

“Actually what we have shown now is the formulation of oxidation stability in model systems,” states Professor Thomas Norrby, Senior Lubricant Specialist at Nynas.

Studying the relationship between oxidation stability and the sulfur content of base oils, Thomas Norrby and his colleagues in Nynas Technical Development and Market Support team were able to demonstrate that the oxidation stability of the company’s NYBASE® oil range can be controlled through the addition of sulfur-rich base oil components and sulfur-containing secondary antioxidants.

Their work promises to serve as useful guidance for formulators wishing to optimize the antioxidant response in finished lubricant products.

The NYBASE oil range was introduced to replace Group I base oils, as these are becoming scarce due to ongoing changes in the refining industry. Blends of highly refined and hydrotreated naphthenic and Group II oils, the NYBASE oils have been engineered to have solvency and viscosity properties similar to Group I oils, but with a low aromatic content.

“The trouble is, when you get rid of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons you also lose most sulfur compounds. As a result, the NYBASE oils have a lower sulfur content than Group I base oils, which is unfortunate as a high sulfur content in the base oil is known to promote antioxidant performance,” explains Thomas Norrby.

During the past few years of in-depth and systematic investigations of the key properties of the blended base oil range, the researchers did indeed find a lower response to primary antioxidants in NYBASE oils than in Group I oils.

“This made us take a closer look at the role of sulfur, and at the correlations between added primary and secondary antioxidants and overall base oil sulfur,” says Thomas Norrby.

“We found that the simplest way for an end-user to significantly improve the antioxidant response in our NYBASE oils is to add sulfur in the form of sulfur-containing secondary antioxidants. In fact, a comparative study showed that this method could result in a better performance than that of Group I oils,” he says.

Tuning oxidation stability

  • The researchers used High Pressure Differential Scanning Calorimetry (HP-DSC) to study the effect of the sulfur content in base oils. The Oxidation Induction Time (OIT) was determined at oxygen levels of 35 bar and 200°C.
  • By measuring the OIT in relation to added primary and secondary antioxidants and base oil sulfur levels, the team was able to chart the oxidation stability of NYBASE® oil with varying amounts of added sulfur from sulfur-containing secondary antioxidants.
  • They found a way of tuning the base oil and also established correlations that will help to guide the formulation of lubricants.

Further reading

Additive advantage - nano particles in grease

NYNAS® T 600 enables grease formulators to save up to 50% of the lithium soap content. But the benefits offered by Nynas’ latest base oil don’t end there.

Superb behaviour in aluminium complex grease

To support grease manufacturers eager to diversify and move away from thickeners based on lithium hydroxide, Nynas’ grease specialists studied the behaviour of NYNAS® T 600 in aluminium complex grease and found it to be an excellent choice.

Grease for an electric future

In a quest to make lithium complex greases more sustainable and better suited for use in electric motors, Nynas teamed up with Solvay to study the response of some ionic liquids in lubricating greases.

THERE IS MORE TO US THAN THIS

We are delighted you are interested in our products. If you have any questions about our products and services, get in touch with your local Nynas contact. Besides top quality oils, we offer a wide range of services, including rapid delivery worldwide, training, seminars and much more. All you have to do is ask.

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David Barnett

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General Manager Germany & Austria

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Sales Executive Process Oils

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Customer Service Specialist – Global Processes and Development Lead

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Selina Walther

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Global Customer Service Specialist & Project lead

 Sameen Kadli

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Sales Manager

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Shoeb Ahmed

Customer Service Coordinator

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Global Customer Service Specialist & Project lead

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Lawrence Teo

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Global Customer Service Specialist & Project lead

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Global Customer Service Specialist & Project lead

 Sameen Kadli

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Sales Manager

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Customer Service Coordinator

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Global Customer Service Specialist & Project lead

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Customer Service Executive

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Customer Service Coordinator

David Barnett

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General Manager

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Samantha Moodley

Customer Service Executive

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Lee Anne Williams

Customer Service Coordinator

 Sameen Kadli

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Sales Manager

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Shoeb Ahmed

Customer Service Coordinator

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Sibala Libish Kumar

Global Customer Service Specialist & Project lead

David Barnett

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General Manager

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Customer Service Executive

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Customer Service Coordinator

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General Manager

David Barnett

David Barnett

General Manager

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Samantha Moodley

Customer Service Executive

Lee Anne Williams

Lee Anne Williams

Customer Service Coordinator

David Barnett

David Barnett

General Manager

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Samantha Moodley

Customer Service Executive

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Lee Anne Williams

Customer Service Coordinator

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Georgina Ng

Customer Service Executive

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Alistair Meyer

Regional Director

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Customer Service Coordinator

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Ovidiu Nan

General Manager

Sabine Langmuller

Sabine Langmuller

Customer Service Coordinator

David Barnett

David Barnett

General Manager

 Samantha Moodley

Samantha Moodley

Customer Service Executive

Lee Anne Williams

Lee Anne Williams

Customer Service Coordinator

David Barnett

David Barnett

General Manager

 Samantha Moodley

Samantha Moodley

Customer Service Executive

Lee Anne Williams

Lee Anne Williams

Customer Service Coordinator

Lawrence Teo

Lawrence Teo

Area Sales Manager

 Georgina Ng

Georgina Ng

Customer Service Executive

Alistair Meyer

Alistair Meyer

Regional Director

Lawrence Teo

Lawrence Teo

Area Sales Manager

 Georgina Ng

Georgina Ng

Customer Service Executive

Alistair Meyer

Alistair Meyer

Regional Director

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General Manager / Sales Manager

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Juan Jiménez

Sales Executive

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Jose Luis Maceda

Customer Service Coordinator

 Gloria Villaverde Parrado

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Customer Service Executive

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Area Sales Manager

 Georgina Ng

Georgina Ng

Customer Service Executive

Alistair Meyer

Alistair Meyer

Regional Director

 Sameen Kadli

Sameen Kadli

Sales Manager

Shoeb Ahmed

Shoeb Ahmed

Customer Service Coordinator

 Sibala Libish Kumar

Sibala Libish Kumar

Global Customer Service Specialist & Project lead

 Marcela Tocelis

Marcela Tocelis

Sales Manager / Acting General Manager

 Martin Vergara

Martin Vergara

Customer Service Executive

 Juan Pablo Pace

Juan Pablo Pace

Customer Service Coordinator

David Barnett

David Barnett

General Manager

 Samantha Moodley

Samantha Moodley

Customer Service Executive

Lee Anne Williams

Lee Anne Williams

Customer Service Coordinator

 Henrik Marits

Henrik Marits

Sales Manager

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Sales Executive Nordic

Margita Thorén

Customer Service Coordinator

Eric Alfosea

Eric Alfosea

Sales Manager France

 Stéphanie Ly

Stéphanie Ly

Customer Service Executive

 Christine Le Garrec

Christine Le Garrec

Customer Service Coordinator

Sheilo Mienandi

Sheilo Mienandi

Customer Service Coordinator

 Sameen Kadli

Sameen Kadli

Sales Manager

Shoeb Ahmed

Shoeb Ahmed

Customer Service Coordinator

 Sibala Libish Kumar

Sibala Libish Kumar

Global Customer Service Specialist & Project lead

Lawrence Teo

Lawrence Teo

Area Sales Manager

 Georgina Ng

Georgina Ng

Customer Service Executive

Alistair Meyer

Alistair Meyer

Regional Director

David Barnett

David Barnett

General Manager

 Samantha Moodley

Samantha Moodley

Customer Service Executive

Lee Anne Williams

Lee Anne Williams

Customer Service Coordinator

Lawrence Teo

Lawrence Teo

Area Sales Manager

 Georgina Ng

Georgina Ng

Customer Service Executive

Alistair Meyer

Alistair Meyer

Regional Director

David Barnett

David Barnett

General Manager

 Samantha Moodley

Samantha Moodley

Customer Service Executive

Lee Anne Williams

Lee Anne Williams

Customer Service Coordinator

 Marcela Tocelis

Marcela Tocelis

Sales Manager / Acting General Manager

 Martin Vergara

Martin Vergara

Customer Service Executive

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Juan Pablo Pace

Customer Service Coordinator

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Eric Alfosea

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Stéphanie Ly

Customer Service Executive

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Christine Le Garrec

Customer Service Coordinator

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Sheilo Mienandi

Customer Service Coordinator

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Emil Cuculayef

Sales Manager

 Banu Kibar

Banu Kibar

Customer Service Executive

Cagatay Gürol

Cagatay Gürol

Customer Service Coordinator

David Barnett

David Barnett

General Manager

 Samantha Moodley

Samantha Moodley

Customer Service Executive

Lee Anne Williams

Lee Anne Williams

Customer Service Coordinator

 Sameen Kadli

Sameen Kadli

Sales Manager

Shoeb Ahmed

Shoeb Ahmed

Customer Service Coordinator

 Sibala Libish Kumar

Sibala Libish Kumar

Global Customer Service Specialist & Project lead

 Marcela Tocelis

Marcela Tocelis

Sales Manager / Acting General Manager

 Martin Vergara

Martin Vergara

Customer Service Executive

 Juan Pablo Pace

Juan Pablo Pace

Customer Service Coordinator

 Marcela Tocelis

Marcela Tocelis

Sales Manager / Acting General Manager

 Marcela Tocelis

Marcela Tocelis

Sales Manager / Acting General Manager

 Martin Vergara

Martin Vergara

Customer Service Executive

 Juan Pablo Pace

Juan Pablo Pace

Customer Service Coordinator

Lawrence Teo

Lawrence Teo

Area Sales Manager

 Georgina Ng

Georgina Ng

Customer Service Executive

Alistair Meyer

Alistair Meyer

Regional Director

David Barnett

David Barnett

General Manager

 Samantha Moodley

Samantha Moodley

Customer Service Executive

Lee Anne Williams

Lee Anne Williams

Customer Service Coordinator

David Barnett

David Barnett

General Manager

 Samantha Moodley

Samantha Moodley

Customer Service Executive

Lee Anne Williams

Lee Anne Williams

Customer Service Coordinator